The Ancient Settlement of Hawaii

Hawaii's history spans over 1,000 years, from ancient Polynesian settlers to modern-day residents.

2025-03-08T09:19:25.233Z Back to posts

The Ancient History of Hawaii: A Settlement Timeline

Hawaii, the 50th state of the United States, has a rich and diverse history that spans over 1,000 years. The islands were first settled by Polynesian explorers around 1000-1200 AD.

The First Settlers

The first inhabitants of Hawaii are believed to have been Polynesians from the Marquesas Islands in present-day French Polynesia. These early settlers arrived in Hawaii via a long and arduous journey, using only outrigger canoes and navigating by the stars.

IslandSettled ByApproximate Year
Hawaii (The Big Island)Marquesans1000 AD
MauiTongans1200 AD
OahuTahitians1300 AD
KauaiSamoans1400 AD

Ancient Hawaiian Society

The ancient Hawaiians developed a complex society based on agriculture, fishing, and trade. They built temples (heiau) to honor their gods, engaged in spiritual practices, and had a system of chiefs and nobles.

Social ClassDescription
Ali’i (Chief)Rulers of the islands, responsible for governance and spiritual leadership
Kahanu (Priest)Spiritual leaders who performed rituals and ceremonies
Maka’ainana (Commoner)Farmers, fishermen, and artisans

European Contact

In 1778, British explorer Captain James Cook became the first European to visit Hawaii. This marked the beginning of a new era in Hawaiian history, as Europeans introduced new technologies, ideas, and diseases that would forever change the islands’ culture.

EventDate
First European contact (Captain Cook)1778 AD
Introduction of ChristianityLate 18th century
Sugar industry developmentEarly 19th century

Modern Settlement

In 1893, a group of American businessmen and sugar planters overthrew the Kingdom of Hawaii, leading to its annexation by the United States in 1898. The islands remained a U.S. territory until August 21, 1959, when Hawaii became the 50th state.

EventDate
Overthrow of Kingdom of Hawaii1893 AD
Annexation by United States1898 AD
StatehoodAugust 21, 1959

The settlement and history of Hawaii are a testament to the resilience and adaptability of its people. From ancient Polynesian settlers to modern-day residents, Hawaii’s story is one of courage, determination, and a deep connection to the land and its culture.